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Rishi Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (27 June 1838[1] – 8 April 1894)[2] was a Bengali writer, poet and journalist.[3] He was the composer of India's national song Vande Mataram. It was originally a Bengali and Sanskrit stotra (hymn) portraying India as a mother goddess. The song inspired the activists during the Indian Independence Movement. Chattopadhyay wrote 13 novels. He also wrote several serious, serio-comic, satirical, scientific and