Santiago de Chile, 1813.

The history of Santiago dates back to the first inhabitants of the basin of the Mapocho River, approximately in the 10th millennium BC. However, only in the 15th century with the conquest of the region by the Inca Empire would an urban core, an administrative and ceremonial center of that state be installed in the Mapocho Valley, around the current Plaza de Armas of the city. In 1813, Santiago was the political and military center of the Chilean independence process. This stage is part of the Old Country (1810-1814), when Chile was beginning to organize its own institutions, although it was not yet fully independent.